When toxic substances of bacterial origin enter the stomach via the bloodstream, overeating, alcohol poisoning and irritation of the gastric mucosa occur due to consumption of poor quality, stale, too hot or cold, spicy or poorly chewed foods, resulting in acute gastritis.
Chronic gastritis develops due to the stated causes of acute gastritis: persistent disruption of nutrition, due to a defect in the chewing apparatus, abuse of spices, spices, alcohol, smoking, prolonged drug use (salicylates, glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal drugs) in the event of inflammation), occupational hazards. Chronic gastritis is made worse by low and high stomach acid.
Gastritis occurs:Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, belching, gas, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, pain, and sometimes even weight loss.
General food rules
With gastritis, it is very important to follow proper diet to reduce the activity of gastric juice:
- Chew the food thoroughly and make at least 20 chewing motions.
- Don't drink chewed food.
- It is better to drink fluids between meals.
- If you have to drink beverages with meals, take small sips after swallowing.
- Switch to food in fractionated servings at least 4-6 times a day.
- In the case of nerve disorders, you should reduce the proportion.
- In order not to overeat, you need to eat slowly, with no nutritional additives.
- Avoid coarse foods that mechanically or chemically damage the stomach lining.
- Do not eat pureed or cooked food for too long, so as not to interfere with digestive activity.
Must-have foods in the diet
To reduce the exacerbation of gastritis and the normal secretion of gastric juice, you need to eat:
- well-cooked meat or fish;
- Cottage cheese (not sour) with sugar;
- fresh white bread;
- Vegetable puree: potatoes, cauliflower, rutabagas, carrots;
- liquid cereals and vegetable soups;
- Drink: mineral water without gas, weak tea and normal drinking water (purified).
Exclude food
To reduce and prevent the exacerbation of gastritis, you can not eat:
- fried, smoked, pickled foods;
- Canned food, homemade cucumbers, marinades;
- Egg yolks, black bread;
- strong, rich vegetable and meat broths;
- Products with the addition of various spices;
- salted, smoked fish, poultry, meat, lard;
- from beverages - coffee, cocoa, to strong tea, alcoholic, carbonated drinks.
Diet for acute erosive gastritis of the stomach
Acute erosive gastritis increases the acidity of gastric juice, which leads to the formation of erosions on the stomach wall. The diet for erosive gastritis, like the diet for acute gastritis, includes:
- Relief of nausea from vomiting, for which they drink warm, alkaline water without gas;
- Abstinence from eating on the first day of illness;
- drink weak tea in small portions with lemon, mineral water with ice - with nausea;
- Topping up the loss of fluid with water: 1 liter. Add salt (1 teaspoon), soda (½ teaspoon), sugar (1 teaspoon). Drink 1 tbsp. l. every 15 minutes;
- for 2-3 days: liquid food in the form of vegetable broth, mucous soups, kefir;
- with the appearance of appetite - liquid cereals, jelly (except cranberry jelly), mashed potatoes, jelly, crackers, meat puree.
Food for acute erosive gastritis should be fractionated (4-6 times a day), at medium temperature (15-60 degrees), steamed, boiled or baked.
Diet for Chronic Gastritis
Chronic gastritis occurs with increased and decreased acidity of the gastric juice.
With increasing acidity, gastritis manifests itself: heartburn, burning stomach pain, feeling of heaviness after eating, belching with a bitter or sour taste, constipation of the intestines, some loss of taste. Symptoms are especially noticeable when the diet includes acidic, bitter, spicy foods, pickles, fatty, fried foods, which contribute to the concentration of hydrochloric acid. The acid not only digests food, it also causes erosion.
With low acidity, the stomach produces little gastric juice, the food is poorly digested, which leads to an unpleasant taste in the mouth, constant stomach fullness and a feeling of fullness in the stomach.
With both types of acid, it is necessary to stop smoking in order to exclude changes in the hormonal background of the body and the appearance of obesity.
Diet for gastritis with high acidity
Proper nutrition for gastritis with high acidity is not included in the menu:
- Products that have a mechanical effect on the gastric mucosa: coarse fiber - beets and radishes, rutabagas, meat with veins, muesli, brown bread with bran, meat fried in oil, fish and vegetables. From grain - brown rice;
- Products that have a destructive chemical effect on the gastric mucosa: alcohol, acidic citrus juices / fruits, carbonated water, including confectionery, coffee, black bread, white cabbage, strong broths;
- Products that have a destructive thermal effect on the gastric mucosa: Food that is too cold or too hot (above or below 15-60 ° C). Cold, like high temperatures, irritates the esophagus, cold foods linger in the stomach for a long time, sour, cause fermentation;
- Meat products: goose, duck, lamb, pork, bacon;
- Fat flow / sea fish;
- Fermented milk products, skimmed milk;
- Foods high in carbohydrates that contribute to inflammation and weight gain: chocolate, sugar, baked goods, wheat flour.
With gastritis with high acidity, it is allowed to eat:
- Lean meat: rabbit, skinless chicken breast, or turkey;
- Low-fat river or sea fish to saturate the blood with unsaturated fats - omega 3 / omega 6;
- Seafood: crabs, prawns;
- Egg protein omelets;
- Groats: rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- Goat milk;
- Vegetables: zucchini, spinach, pumpkin, tomatoes (skinless), green peas, asparagus, carrots, green lettuce, onions, dill, parsley. Hard vegetables need to be boiled, steamed, or grated.
- Sweet fruits and berries: strawberries, raspberries, strawberries, soft fruits, cooked, mashed or in the form of cocktails;
- Tea made from lemon balm, feverfew, celandine, chamomile, St. John's wort, angelica rhizomes, knotweed, marshmallow root separately or mixed in equal proportions. Steamed as tea in a glass of boiling water - 1 tsp. raw material. You take a small sip before meals, between meals
Menu and recipes
| the day | eat | Dishes and products |
|---|---|---|
| version 1 | 30 minutes before breakfast | A glass of still mineral water or herbal tea |
| breakfast | Protein omelette from 3 eggs, mashed potatoes from boiled beets, carrots - 50 g each, a slice of white bread or crackers, a cup of weak green tea or lemon balm | |
| Having lunch | Two baked apples or pears. | |
| dinner | Soup puree on rice broth from meat - 200 ml, pudding from fish and potatoes - 150 g, juice from berries, a slice of white bread | |
| Afternoon snack | A glass of goat milk, croutons | |
| dinner | Steam chicken soufflé - 200 gr. , Carrot zrazy with fruit - 150 gr. , A cup of berry jelly, a slice of white bread | |
| An hour before bed | Rose hip infusion with 1 tsp. Honey or still mineral water | |
| Option 2 | 30 minutes before breakfast | Lemon balm tea |
| breakfast | Liquid oatmeal on water. Camomile tea | |
| Having lunch | Grated strawberries | |
| dinner | Pureed fish soup. Buckwheat steamed in water. A piece of white bread. | |
| Afternoon snack | A glass of weak green tea. zwieback | |
| dinner | Pumpkin and carrot puree soup. | |
| An hour before bed | herbal tea |
Meat soup puree on rice broth
You will need: rice - 35 g, beef - 100 g, butter - 15 g, 1 egg yolk, milk - ½ tbsp, salt.
Method of preparation: rice is sorted out, washed in hot water and cooked over low heat until completely cooked. Add boiling water to 800 ml. Put the cooked meat through a meat grinder with a fine mesh twice. Pour a small amount of rice water over the meat and let it simmer for 8-10 minutes. When you add the rest of the broth, pour the egg-milk mixture, stirring constantly, bring it to a boil, season with oil and salt to taste.
Fish pudding with potatoes
You will need: potatoes - 50 g, fish - 100 g, milk - 30 ml, ground crackers - 10 g, butter - 10 g, sour cream (not sour) - 50 g, egg - ½.
Method of preparation: peel and boil the potatoes, drain the water, rub through a sieve, mix with milk. The bones are selected from the fish, skinned, boiled, chilled and finely chopped. Mix potatoes with fish, 5 grams of oil, egg yolks, beaten egg whites. Smear the form with the rest of the oil, spread the mixture, sprinkle with breadcrumbs, put in the bath, close the lid and simmer for 20 minutes. Served with sour cream.
Steamed chicken soufflé
You will need: boiled chicken - 100 g, rice - 10 g, milk - 30 ml, a quarter of an egg, butter - 3 g.
Preparation method: Cooked chicken is passed through a fine grate of a meat grinder 2-3 times. Combine with boiled rice, milk, knead and add whipped egg yolks with melted butter and protein. The mass is transferred to a greased form and boiled in a bath for up to 20 minutes.
Carrot zrazy with fruits
You will need: carrots - 160 g, semolina - 15 g, milk - 30 ml, egg - ¼ sugar - 5 g, fruit filling - 60 g, sour cream - 5 g, wheat flour - 5 g, butter - 10 g.
Method of preparation: grated carrots are mixed with milk, part of the butter and steamed under the lid until soft and kneaded with a crush. Pour semolina, warm until the grain swells. Add the beaten egg and sugar and stir. With a liquid consistency, more semolina or flour is added.
Form a cake, put a berry or fruit filling in the center. The edges of the cake are added and pushed. Smeared with sour cream, put on a baking sheet, sprinkled with butter (or poured with milk sauce), and then baked.
Diet for gastritis with low acidity
For gastritis with low acidityNot recommendedEat:
- Rich meat, mushrooms, fish soups;
- Any fatty food, including fried meat or fish;
- Raw vegetable fibers (white cabbage, red cabbage, beets, radishes, onions, garlic, sorrel);
- Spicy, salty dishes, canned food, smoked meat;
- Pancakes, cakes, tarts, black bread, ice cream, carbonated drinks;
- Hard and sour fruits, alcoholic beverages.
Good to know!Treatment of exacerbated chronic low acid gastritis requires the main diet of liquid and well-mashed first courses, vegetable purees, liquid cereals, soft-boiled eggs, jelly, steamed chops, boiled or steamed fish. Fruits are eaten with the main meal, with fruits without coarse fibers selected and baked in the oven.
Allowed to eatwith low acidity:
- Dried white wheat bread, white bread crumbs, non-nutritious biscuits, biscuits;
- Vegetarian vegetable soups without cabbage;
- Cereals, pasta in water or milk if the stomach accepts it well;
- Low-fat ground beef: beef, veal, skinless chicken, turkey, boiled or steamed rabbit. During an exacerbation - with meat puree (schnitzel, dumplings, mashed potatoes, soufflé, rolls);
- Dishes or side dishes made from vegetables (except white cabbage), muesli, pudding, noodles, noodles;
- Soft-boiled eggs and omelets;
- Sweet, soft berries, fruits for compotes, jellies, mousses / jellies, baked apples, pears;
- Whole milk, condensed milk, cream, non-sour sour cream, fresh non-sour cottage cheese, milk and egg sauces, mild cheese;
- From fats - butter, olives, sunflower oil;
- Tea made from the herb St. John's wort, cranberries, elecampane rhizomes, chicory rhizomes, flax seeds, chamomile flowers, mint individually or in equal parts. Steamed tea in a glass of boiling water 1 tsp. raw material.
Menu
| the day | eat | Dishes and products |
|---|---|---|
| version 1 | 30 minutes before breakfast | Rose hip boil |
| breakfast | 2 egg whites omelette. A piece of toasted bread. Green weak tea. | |
| Having lunch | Fruit puree. | |
| dinner | Tomato salad with avocado and cheese. Vegetable broth with any permitted vegetables. | |
| Afternoon snack | A couple of baked apples | |
| dinner | Beef balls with carrot juice | |
| An hour before bed | Camomile tea | |
| Option 2 | 30 minutes before breakfast | Chicory drink |
| breakfast | Zucchini casserole. Green tea with croutons. | |
| Having lunch | Kiss, 1-2 cold cookies | |
| dinner | pumpkin soup | |
| Afternoon snack | 100 g sour cottage cheese with berries. | |
| dinner | Steam meatballs. Vermicelli for water. | |
| An hour before bed | Mint tea. |
To compose a diet menu with increased acidity of gastric juice, there is a fairly wide range of products, indicated above. We recommend various healthy recipes to prevent gastritis from worsening.
Tomato salad with avocado and cheese
You will need: tomatoes - 2 pieces, avocado - 1 piece, hard cheese - 50 g, olive oil - 2 tbsp. l. Lemon juice - 1 tbsp. l. , Salt to taste.
Boiling water is poured over the tomatoes, the peels are removed, the seeds are removed and cut into slices. The avocado is peeled, pitted, cut into cubes, sprinkled with lemon juice and mixed with tomatoes. The cheese is cut into cubes or grated, mixed with lettuce, poured with olive oil and salted.
pumpkin soup
You will need: 1 pumpkin for 1, 5 vegetable broth or water, tomatoes - 3 pieces, flour - 2 tbsp. l. , Butter - 2 tbsp. l. , sour cream, boiled turkey - 100 g.
The peeled pumpkin is cut into small pieces, the tomatoes are peeled and cut. Vegetables are dipped in boiling broth or water. The flour is heated in a pan, mixed with butter, added to the soup, stirring occasionally. Boil, add pieces of cooked turkey and herbs. Served with sour cream.
Steamed meatballs
For one serving you will need: meat - 125 g, white bread - 20 g, butter - 5 g, salt to taste, water - 15 ml.
Meat without fat and tendons is passed through a meat grinder twice, mixed with moistened bread, again passed through a meat grinder twice, salted and beaten well. Balls (10-12 pieces) are formed from the mass, steamed or in a saucepan, pouring water. Sprinkle with oil before serving.
Beef balls with carrot juice
You will need: beef - 120 g, white bread - 25 g, butter - 15 g, carrots - 20 g, dried rose hips - 10 g, wheat flour - 5 g, milk - 50 ml.
Meat without films, tendons and fat is passed through a meat grinder 2-3 times along with bread soaked in milk. Beat the mixture well, shape into round balls with wet hands. Bring the meatballs under the lid until cooked. Rose hip is poured with boiling water (25 ml), insisted for 3-4 hours, filtered and combined with heated flour. The mixture is poured into boiling milk and boiled over the fire for 10 minutes. The mass is filtered through a sieve, poured into carrot juice, poured a piece of butter, stirred and poured the meatballs. Served with a side dish of mashed potatoes, carrots or buckwheat porridge.